Openstep 4.2 (Developer)/Openstep Developer 4.2.iso/NextDeveloper/Source/GNU/perl/Perl/ext/POSIX/POSIX.pm

Perl POD Document | 1995-05-25 | 21.1 KB | 1,067 lines

package POSIX;

=head1 NAME

POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE 1003.1 namespace

=head1 SYNOPSIS

    use POSIX;
    use POSIX 'strftime';

=head1 DESCRIPTION

The POSIX module permits you to access all (or nearly all) the standard
POSIX 1003.1 identifiers.  Things which are C<#defines> in C, like EINTR
or O_NDELAY, are automatically exported into your namespace.  All
functions are only exported if you ask for them explicitly.  Most likely
people will prefer to use the fully-qualified function names.

To get a list of all the possible identifiers available to you--and
their semantics--you should pick up a 1003.1 spec, or look in the
F<POSIX.pm> module.

=head1 EXAMPLES

    printf "EINTR is %d\n", EINTR;

    POSIX::setsid(0);

    $fd = POSIX::open($path, O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_WRONLY, 0644);
    # note: that's a filedescriptor, *NOT* a filehandle

=head1 NOTE

The POSIX module is probably the most complex Perl module supplied with
the standard distribution.  It incorporates autoloading, namespace games,
and dynamic loading of code that's in Perl, C, or both.  It's a great
source of wisdom.

=head1 CAVEATS

A few functions are not implemented because they are C specific.  If you
attempt to call these, they will print a message telling you that they
aren't implemented, and suggest using the Perl equivalent should one
exist.  For example, trying to access the setjmp() call will elicit the
message "setjmp() is C-specific: use eval {} instead".

Furthermore, some evil vendors will claim 1003.1 compliance, but in fact
are not so: they will not pass the PCTS (POSIX Compliance Test Suites).
For example, one vendor may not define EDEADLK, or the semantics of the
errno values set by open(2) might not be quite right.  Perl does not
attempt to verify POSIX compliance.  That means you can currently
successfully say "use POSIX",  and then later in your program you find
that your vendor has been lax and there's no usable ICANON macro after
all.  This could be construed to be a bug.

=cut

use Carp;
require Exporter;
use AutoLoader;
require DynaLoader;
require Config;
@ISA = qw(Exporter DynaLoader);

%EXPORT_TAGS = (

    assert_h =>    [qw(assert NDEBUG)],

    ctype_h =>    [qw(isalnum isalpha iscntrl isdigit isgraph islower
        isprint ispunct isspace isupper isxdigit tolower toupper)],

    dirent_h =>    [qw()],

    errno_h =>    [qw(E2BIG EACCES EAGAIN EBADF EBUSY ECHILD EDEADLK EDOM
        EEXIST EFAULT EFBIG EINTR EINVAL EIO EISDIR EMFILE
        EMLINK ENAMETOOLONG ENFILE ENODEV ENOENT ENOEXEC ENOLCK
        ENOMEM ENOSPC ENOSYS ENOTDIR ENOTEMPTY ENOTTY ENXIO
        EPERM EPIPE ERANGE EROFS ESPIPE ESRCH EXDEV errno)],

    fcntl_h =>    [qw(FD_CLOEXEC F_DUPFD F_GETFD F_GETFL F_GETLK F_RDLCK
        F_SETFD F_SETFL F_SETLK F_SETLKW F_UNLCK F_WRLCK
        O_ACCMODE O_APPEND O_CREAT O_EXCL O_NOCTTY O_NONBLOCK
        O_RDONLY O_RDWR O_TRUNC O_WRONLY
        creat
        SEEK_CUR SEEK_END SEEK_SET
        S_IRGRP S_IROTH S_IRUSR S_IRWXG S_IRWXO S_IRWXU
        S_ISBLK S_ISCHR S_ISDIR S_ISFIFO S_ISGID S_ISREG S_ISUID
        S_IWGRP S_IWOTH S_IWUSR)],

    float_h =>    [qw(DBL_DIG DBL_EPSILON DBL_MANT_DIG
        DBL_MAX DBL_MAX_10_EXP DBL_MAX_EXP
        DBL_MIN DBL_MIN_10_EXP DBL_MIN_EXP
        FLT_DIG FLT_EPSILON FLT_MANT_DIG
        FLT_MAX FLT_MAX_10_EXP FLT_MAX_EXP
        FLT_MIN FLT_MIN_10_EXP FLT_MIN_EXP
        FLT_RADIX FLT_ROUNDS
        LDBL_DIG LDBL_EPSILON LDBL_MANT_DIG
        LDBL_MAX LDBL_MAX_10_EXP LDBL_MAX_EXP
        LDBL_MIN LDBL_MIN_10_EXP LDBL_MIN_EXP)],

    grp_h =>    [qw()],

    limits_h =>    [qw( ARG_MAX CHAR_BIT CHAR_MAX CHAR_MIN CHILD_MAX
        INT_MAX INT_MIN LINK_MAX LONG_MAX LONG_MIN MAX_CANON
        MAX_INPUT MB_LEN_MAX NAME_MAX NGROUPS_MAX OPEN_MAX
        PATH_MAX PIPE_BUF SCHAR_MAX SCHAR_MIN SHRT_MAX SHRT_MIN
        SSIZE_MAX STREAM_MAX TZNAME_MAX UCHAR_MAX UINT_MAX
        ULONG_MAX USHRT_MAX _POSIX_ARG_MAX _POSIX_CHILD_MAX
        _POSIX_LINK_MAX _POSIX_MAX_CANON _POSIX_MAX_INPUT
        _POSIX_NAME_MAX _POSIX_NGROUPS_MAX _POSIX_OPEN_MAX
        _POSIX_PATH_MAX _POSIX_PIPE_BUF _POSIX_SSIZE_MAX
        _POSIX_STREADM_MAX _POSIX_TZNAME_MAX)],

    locale_h =>    [qw(LC_ALL LC_COLLATE LC_CTYPE LC_MONETARY LC_NUMERIC
        LC_TIME NULL localeconv setlocale)],

    math_h =>    [qw(HUGE_VAL acos asin atan ceil cosh fabs floor fmod
        frexp ldexp log10 modf pow sinh tan tanh)],

    pwd_h =>    [qw()],

    setjmp_h =>    [qw(longjmp setjmp siglongjmp sigsetjmp)],

    signal_h =>    [qw(SA_NOCLDSTOP SIGABRT SIGALRM SIGCHLD SIGCONT SIGFPE
        SIGHUP SIGILL SIGINT SIGKILL SIGPIPE SIGQUIT SIGSEGV
        SIGSTOP SIGTERM SIGTSTP SIGTTIN SIGTTOU SIGUSR1 SIGUSR2
        SIG_BLOCK SIG_DFL SIG_ERR SIG_IGN SIG_SETMASK SIG_UNBLOCK
        raise sigaction signal sigpending sigprocmask
        sigsuspend)],

    stdarg_h =>    [qw()],

    stddef_h =>    [qw(NULL offsetof)],

    stdio_h =>    [qw(BUFSIZ EOF FILENAME_MAX L_ctermid L_cuserid
        L_tmpname NULL SEEK_CUR SEEK_END SEEK_SET STREAM_MAX
        TMP_MAX stderr stdin stdout _IOFBF _IOLBF _IONBF
        clearerr fclose fdopen feof ferror fflush fgetc fgetpos
        fgets fopen fprintf fputc fputs fread freopen
        fscanf fseek fsetpos ftell fwrite getchar gets
        perror putc putchar puts remove rewind
        scanf setbuf setvbuf sscanf tmpfile tmpnam
        ungetc vfprintf vprintf vsprintf)],

    stdlib_h =>    [qw(EXIT_FAILURE EXIT_SUCCESS MB_CUR_MAX NULL RAND_MAX
        abort atexit atof atoi atol bsearch calloc div
        free getenv labs ldiv malloc mblen mbstowcs mbtowc
        qsort realloc strtod strtol stroul wcstombs wctomb)],

    string_h =>    [qw(NULL memchr memcmp memcpy memmove memset strcat
        strchr strcmp strcoll strcpy strcspn strerror strlen
        strncat strncmp strncpy strpbrk strrchr strspn strstr
        strtok strxfrm)],

    sys_stat_h => [qw(S_IRGRP S_IROTH S_IRUSR S_IRWXG S_IRWXO S_IRWXU
        S_ISBLK S_ISCHR S_ISDIR S_ISFIFO S_ISGID S_ISREG
        S_ISUID S_IWGRP S_IWOTH S_IWUSR S_IXGRP S_IXOTH S_IXUSR
        fstat mkfifo)],

    sys_times_h => [qw()],

    sys_types_h => [qw()],

    sys_utsname_h => [qw(uname)],

    sys_wait_h => [qw(WEXITSTATUS WIFEXITED WIFSIGNALED WIFSTOPPED
        WNOHANG WSTOPSIG WTERMSIG WUNTRACED)],

    termios_h => [qw( B0 B110 B1200 B134 B150 B1800 B19200 B200 B2400
        B300 B38400 B4800 B50 B600 B75 B9600 BRKINT CLOCAL
        CREAD CS5 CS6 CS7 CS8 CSIZE CSTOPB ECHO ECHOE ECHOK
        ECHONL HUPCL ICANON ICRNL IEXTEN IGNBRK IGNCR IGNPAR
        INLCR INPCK ISIG ISTRIP IXOFF IXON NCCS NOFLSH OPOST
        PARENB PARMRK PARODD TCIFLUSH TCIOFF TCIOFLUSH TCION
        TCOFLUSH TCOOFF TCOON TCSADRAIN TCSAFLUSH TCSANOW
        TOSTOP VEOF VEOL VERASE VINTR VKILL VMIN VQUIT VSTART
        VSTOP VSUSP VTIME
        cfgetispeed cfgetospeed cfsetispeed cfsetospeed tcdrain
        tcflow tcflush tcgetattr tcsendbreak tcsetattr )],

    time_h =>    [qw(CLK_TCK CLOCKS_PER_SEC NULL asctime clock ctime
        difftime mktime strftime tzset tzname)],

    unistd_h =>    [qw(F_OK NULL R_OK SEEK_CUR SEEK_END SEEK_SET
        STRERR_FILENO STDIN_FILENO STDOUT_FILENO W_OK X_OK
        _PC_CHOWN_RESTRICTED _PC_LINK_MAX _PC_MAX_CANON
        _PC_MAX_INPUT _PC_NAME_MAX _PC_NO_TRUNC _PC_PATH_MAX
        _PC_PIPE_BUF _PC_VDISABLE _POSIX_CHOWN_RESTRICTED
        _POSIX_JOB_CONTROL _POSIX_NO_TRUNC _POSIX_SAVED_IDS
        _POSIX_VDISABLE _POSIX_VERSION _SC_ARG_MAX
        _SC_CHILD_MAX _SC_CLK_TCK _SC_JOB_CONTROL
        _SC_NGROUPS_MAX _SC_OPEN_MAX _SC_SAVED_IDS
        _SC_STREAM_MAX _SC_TZNAME_MAX _SC_VERSION
        _exit access ctermid cuserid
        dup2 dup execl execle execlp execv execve execvp
        fpathconf getcwd getegid geteuid getgid getgroups
        getpid getuid isatty lseek pathconf pause setgid setpgid
        setsid setuid sysconf tcgetpgrp tcsetpgrp ttyname)],

    utime_h =>    [qw()],

);

Exporter::export_tags();

@EXPORT_OK = qw(
    closedir opendir readdir rewinddir
    fcntl open
    getgrgid getgrnam
    atan2 cos exp log sin sqrt
    getpwnam getpwuid
    kill
    fileno getc printf rename sprintf
    abs exit rand srand system
    chmod mkdir stat umask
    times
    wait waitpid
    gmtime localtime time
    alarm chdir chown close fork getlogin getppid getpgrp link
    pipe read rmdir sleep unlink write
    utime
);

# Grandfather old foo_h form to new :foo_h form
sub import {
    my $this = shift;
    my @list = map { m/^\w+_h$/ ? ":$_" : $_ } @_;
    local $Exporter::ExportLevel = 1;
    Exporter::import($this,@list);
}

sub AUTOLOAD {
    if ($AUTOLOAD =~ /::(_?[a-z])/) {
    $AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD = $AUTOLOAD;
    goto &AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD
    }
    local $constname = $AUTOLOAD;
    $constname =~ s/.*:://;
    $val = constant($constname, $_[0]);
    if ($! != 0) {
    if ($! =~ /Invalid/) {
        croak "$constname is not a valid POSIX macro";
    }
    else {
        croak "Your vendor has not defined POSIX macro $constname, used";
    }
    }
    eval "sub $AUTOLOAD { $val }";
    goto &$AUTOLOAD;
}


@liblist = ();
@liblist = split ' ', $Config::Config{"POSIX_loadlibs"}
    if defined $Config::Config{"POSIX_loadlibs"};
bootstrap POSIX @liblist;

sub usage {
    local ($mess) = @_;
    croak "Usage: POSIX::$mess";
}

sub redef {
    local ($mess) = @_;
    croak "Use method $mess instead";
}

sub unimpl {
    local ($mess) = @_;
    $mess =~ s/xxx//;
    croak "Unimplemented: POSIX::$mess";
}

$gensym = "SYM000";

sub gensym {
    *{"POSIX::" . $gensym++};
}

sub ungensym {
    local($x) = shift;
    $x =~ s/.*:://;
    delete $POSIX::{$x};
}

############################
package POSIX::SigAction;

sub new {
    bless {HANDLER => $_[1], MASK => $_[2], FLAGS => $_[3]};
}

############################
package FileHandle;

sub new {
    POSIX::usage "FileHandle->new(filename, posixmode)" if @_ != 3;
    local($class,$filename,$mode) = @_;
    local($glob) = &POSIX::gensym;
    $mode =~ s/a.*/>>/ ||
    $mode =~ s/w.*/>/ ||
    ($mode = '<');
    open($glob, "$mode $filename") and
    bless \$glob;
}

sub new_from_fd {
    POSIX::usage "FileHandle->new_from_fd(fd,mode)" if @_ != 3;
    local($class,$fd,$mode) = @_;
    local($glob) = &POSIX::gensym;
    $mode =~ s/a.*/>>/ ||
    $mode =~ s/w.*/>/ ||
    ($mode = '<');
    open($glob, "$mode&=$fd") and
    bless \$glob;
}

sub clearerr {
    POSIX::usage "clearerr(filehandle)" if @_ != 1;
    seek($_[0], 0, 1);
}

sub close {
    POSIX::usage "close(filehandle)" if @_ != 1;
    close($_[0]);
}

sub DESTROY {
    close($_[0]);
    ungensym($_[0]);
}

sub eof {
    POSIX::usage "eof(filehandle)" if @_ != 1;
    eof($_[0]);
}

sub getc {
    POSIX::usage "getc(filehandle)" if @_ != 1;
    getc($_[0]);
}

sub gets {
    POSIX::usage "gets(filehandle)" if @_ != 1;
    local($handle) = @_;
    scalar <$handle>;
}

sub fileno {
    POSIX::usage "fileno(filehandle)" if @_ != 1;
    fileno($_[0]);
}

sub seek {
    POSIX::usage "seek(filehandle,pos,whence)" if @_ != 3;
    seek($_[0], $_[1], $_[2]);
}

sub tell {
    POSIX::usage "tell(filehandle)" if @_ != 1;
    tell($_[0]);
}
############################
package POSIX; # return to package POSIX so AutoSplit is happy
1;
__END__

sub assert {
    usage "assert(expr)" if @_ != 1;
    if (!$_[0]) {
    croak "Assertion failed";
    }
}

sub tolower {
    usage "tolower(string)" if @_ != 1;
    lc($_[0]);
}

sub toupper {
    usage "toupper(string)" if @_ != 1;
    uc($_[0]);
}

sub closedir {
    usage "closedir(dirhandle)" if @_ != 1;
    closedir($_[0]);
    ungensym($_[0]);
}

sub opendir {
    usage "opendir(directory)" if @_ != 1;
    local($dirhandle) = &gensym;
    opendir($dirhandle, $_[0])
    ? $dirhandle
    : (ungensym($dirhandle), undef);
}

sub readdir {
    usage "readdir(dirhandle)" if @_ != 1;
    readdir($_[0]);
}

sub rewinddir {
    usage "rewinddir(dirhandle)" if @_ != 1;
    rewinddir($_[0]);
}

sub errno {
    usage "errno()" if @_ != 0;
    $! + 0;
}

sub creat {
    usage "creat(filename, mode)" if @_ != 2;
    &open($_[0], &O_WRONLY | &O_CREAT | &O_TRUNC, $_[1]);
}

sub fcntl {
    usage "fcntl(filehandle, cmd, arg)" if @_ != 3;
    fcntl($_[0], $_[1], $_[2]);
}

sub getgrgid {
    usage "getgrgid(gid)" if @_ != 1;
    getgrgid($_[0]);
}

sub getgrnam {
    usage "getgrnam(name)" if @_ != 1;
    getgrnam($_[0]);
}

sub atan2 {
    usage "atan2(x,y)" if @_ != 2;
    atan2($_[0], $_[1]);
}

sub cos {
    usage "cos(x)" if @_ != 1;
    cos($_[0]);
}

sub exp {
    usage "exp(x)" if @_ != 1;
    exp($_[0]);
}

sub fabs {
    usage "fabs(x)" if @_ != 1;
    abs($_[0]);
}

sub log {
    usage "log(x)" if @_ != 1;
    log($_[0]);
}

sub pow {
    usage "pow(x,exponent)" if @_ != 2;
    $_[0] ** $_[1];
}

sub sin {
    usage "sin(x)" if @_ != 1;
    sin($_[0]);
}

sub sqrt {
    usage "sqrt(x)" if @_ != 1;
    sqrt($_[0]);
}

sub getpwnam {
    usage "getpwnam(name)" if @_ != 1;
    getpwnam($_[0]);
}

sub getpwuid {
    usage "getpwuid(uid)" if @_ != 1;
    getpwuid($_[0]);
}

sub longjmp {
    unimpl "longjmp() is C-specific: use die instead";
}

sub setjmp {
    unimpl "setjmp() is C-specific: use eval {} instead";
}

sub siglongjmp {
    unimpl "siglongjmp() is C-specific: use die instead";
}

sub sigsetjmp {
    unimpl "sigsetjmp() is C-specific: use eval {} instead";
}

sub kill {
    usage "kill(pid, sig)" if @_ != 2;
    kill $_[1], $_[0];
}

sub raise {
    usage "raise(sig)" if @_ != 1;
    kill $$, $_[0];    # Is this good enough?
}

sub offsetof {
    unimpl "offsetof() is C-specific, stopped";
}

sub clearerr {
    redef "$filehandle->clearerr(filehandle)";
}

sub fclose {
    redef "$filehandle->fclose(filehandle)";
}

sub fdopen {
    redef "FileHandle->new_from_fd(fd,mode)";
}

sub feof {
    redef "$filehandle->eof()";
}

sub fgetc {
    redef "$filehandle->getc()";
}

sub fgets {
    redef "$filehandle->gets()";
}

sub fileno {
    redef "$filehandle->fileno()";
}

sub fopen {
    redef "FileHandle->open()";
}

sub fprintf {
    unimpl "fprintf() is C-specific--use printf instead";
}

sub fputc {
    unimpl "fputc() is C-specific--use print instead";
}

sub fputs {
    unimpl "fputs() is C-specific--use print instead";
}

sub fread {
    unimpl "fread() is C-specific--use read instead";
}

sub freopen {
    unimpl "freopen() is C-specific--use open instead";
}

sub fscanf {
    unimpl "fscanf() is C-specific--use <> and regular expressions instead";
}

sub fseek {
    redef "$filehandle->seek(pos,whence)";
}

sub ferror {
    redef "$filehandle->error()";
}

sub fflush {
    redef "$filehandle->flush()";
}

sub fgetpos {
    redef "$filehandle->getpos()";
}

sub fsetpos {
    redef "$filehandle->setpos(pos)";
}

sub ftell {
    redef "$filehandle->tell()";
}

sub fwrite {
    unimpl "fwrite() is C-specific--use print instead";
}

sub getc {
    usage "getc(handle)" if @_ != 1;
    getc($_[0]);
}

sub getchar {
    usage "getchar()" if @_ != 0;
    getc(STDIN);
}

sub gets {
    usage "gets()" if @_ != 0;
    scalar <STDIN>;
}

sub perror {
    print STDERR "@_: " if @_;
    print STDERR $!,"\n";
}

sub printf {
    usage "printf(pattern, args...)" if @_ < 1;
    printf STDOUT @_;
}

sub putc {
    unimpl "putc() is C-specific--use print instead";
}

sub putchar {
    unimpl "putchar() is C-specific--use print instead";
}

sub puts {
    unimpl "puts() is C-specific--use print instead";
}

sub remove {
    usage "remove(filename)" if @_ != 1;
    unlink($_[0]);
}

sub rename {
    usage "rename(oldfilename, newfilename)" if @_ != 2;
    rename($_[0], $_[1]);
}

sub rewind {
    usage "rewind(filehandle)" if @_ != 1;
    seek($_[0],0,0);
}

sub scanf {
    unimpl "scanf() is C-specific--use <> and regular expressions instead";
}

sub sprintf {
    usage "sprintf(pattern,args)" if @_ == 0;
    sprintf(shift,@_);
}

sub sscanf {
    unimpl "sscanf() is C-specific--use regular expressions instead";
}

sub tmpfile {
    redef "FileHandle->new_tmpfile()";
}

sub ungetc {
    redef "$filehandle->ungetc(char)";
}

sub vfprintf {
    unimpl "vfprintf() is C-specific";
}

sub vprintf {
    unimpl "vprintf() is C-specific";
}

sub vsprintf {
    unimpl "vsprintf() is C-specific";
}

sub abs {
    usage "abs(x)" if @_ != 1;
    abs($_[0]);
}

sub atexit {
    unimpl "atexit() is C-specific: use END {} instead";
}

sub atof {
    unimpl "atof() is C-specific, stopped";
}

sub atoi {
    unimpl "atoi() is C-specific, stopped";
}

sub atol {
    unimpl "atol() is C-specific, stopped";
}

sub bsearch {
    unimpl "bsearch(xxx)" if @_ != 123;
    bsearch($_[0]);
}

sub calloc {
    unimpl "calloc() is C-specific, stopped";
}

sub div {
    unimpl "div() is C-specific, stopped";
}

sub exit {
    usage "exit(status)" if @_ != 1;
    exit($_[0]);
}

sub free {
    unimpl "free() is C-specific, stopped";
    free($_[0]);
}

sub getenv {
    usage "getenv(name)" if @_ != 1;
    $ENV{$_[0]};
}

sub labs {
    unimpl "labs() is C-specific, use abs instead";
}

sub ldiv {
    unimpl "ldiv() is C-specific, use / and int instead";
}

sub malloc {
    unimpl "malloc() is C-specific, stopped";
}

sub qsort {
    unimpl "qsort() is C-specific, use sort instead";
}

sub rand {
    unimpl "rand() is non-portable, use Perl's rand instead";
}

sub realloc {
    unimpl "realloc() is C-specific, stopped";
}

sub srand {
    unimpl "srand()";
}

sub strtod {
    unimpl "strtod() is C-specific, stopped";
}

sub strtol {
    unimpl "strtol() is C-specific, stopped";
}

sub stroul {
    unimpl "stroul() is C-specific, stopped";
}

sub system {
    usage "system(command)" if @_ != 1;
    system($_[0]);
}

sub memchr {
    unimpl "memchr() is C-specific, use index() instead";
}

sub memcmp {
    unimpl "memcmp() is C-specific, use eq instead";
}

sub memcpy {
    unimpl "memcpy() is C-specific, use = instead";
    memcpy($_[0]);

sub memmove {
    unimpl "memmove() is C-specific, use = instead";
}

sub memset {
    unimpl "memset() is C-specific, use x instead";
}

sub strcat {
    unimpl "strcat() is C-specific, use .= instead";
}

sub strchr {
    unimpl "strchr() is C-specific, use index() instead";
}

sub strcmp {
    unimpl "strcmp() is C-specific, use eq instead";
}

sub strcpy {
    unimpl "strcpy() is C-specific, use = instead";
}

sub strcspn {
    unimpl "strcspn() is C-specific, use regular expressions instead";
}

sub strerror {
    usage "strerror(errno)" if @_ != 1;
    local $! = $_[0];
    $! . "";
}

sub strlen {
    unimpl "strlen() is C-specific, use length instead";
}

sub strncat {
    unimpl "strncat() is C-specific, use .= instead";
}

sub strncmp {
    unimpl "strncmp() is C-specific, use eq instead";
}

sub strncpy {
    unimpl "strncpy() is C-specific, use = instead";
}

sub strpbrk {
    unimpl "strpbrk() is C-specific, stopped";
}

sub strrchr {
    unimpl "strrchr() is C-specific, use rindex() instead";
}

sub strspn {
    unimpl "strspn() is C-specific, stopped";
}

sub strstr {
    usage "strstr(big, little)" if @_ != 2;
    index($_[0], $_[1]);
}

sub strtok {
    unimpl "strtok() is C-specific, stopped";
}

sub chmod {
    usage "chmod(mode, filename)" if @_ != 2;
    chmod($_[0], $_[1]);
}

sub fstat {
    usage "fstat(fd)" if @_ != 1;
    local(*TMP);
    open(TMP, "<&$_[0]");        # Gross.
    local(@l) = stat(TMP);
    close(TMP);
    @l;
}

sub mkdir {
    usage "mkdir(directoryname, mode)" if @_ != 2;
    mkdir($_[0], $_[1]);
}

sub stat {
    usage "stat(filename)" if @_ != 1;
    stat($_[0]);
}

sub umask {
    usage "umask(mask)" if @_ != 1;
    umask($_[0]);
}

sub times {
    usage "times()" if @_ != 0;
    times();
}

sub wait {
    usage "wait(statusvariable)" if @_ != 1;
    local $result = wait();
    $_[0] = $?;
    $result;
}

sub waitpid {
    usage "waitpid(pid, statusvariable, options)" if @_ != 3;
    local $result = waitpid($_[0], $_[2]);
    $_[1] = $?;
    $result;
}

sub gmtime {
    usage "gmtime(time)" if @_ != 1;
    gmtime($_[0]);
}

sub localtime {
    usage "localtime(time)" if @_ != 1;
    localtime($_[0]);
}

sub time {
    unimpl "time()" if @_ != 0;
    time;
}

sub alarm {
    usage "alarm(seconds)" if @_ != 1;
    alarm($_[0]);
}

sub chdir {
    usage "chdir(directory)" if @_ != 1;
    chdir($_[0]);
}

sub chown {
    usage "chown(filename, uid, gid)" if @_ != 3;
    chown($_[0], $_[1], $_[2]);
}

sub execl {
    unimpl "execl() is C-specific, stopped";
    execl($_[0]);
}

sub execle {
    unimpl "execle() is C-specific, stopped";
    execle($_[0]);
}

sub execlp {
    unimpl "execlp() is C-specific, stopped";
    execlp($_[0]);
}

sub execv {
    unimpl "execv() is C-specific, stopped";
    execv($_[0]);
}

sub execve {
    unimpl "execve() is C-specific, stopped";
    execve($_[0]);
}

sub execvp {
    unimpl "execvp() is C-specific, stopped";
    execvp($_[0]);
}

sub fork {
    usage "fork()" if @_ != 0;
    fork;
}

sub getcwd
{
    usage "getcwd()" if @_ != 0;
    chop($cwd = `pwd`);
    $cwd;
}

sub getegid {
    usage "getegid()" if @_ != 0;
    $) + 0;
}

sub geteuid {
    usage "geteuid()" if @_ != 0;
    $> + 0;
}

sub getgid {
    usage "getgid()" if @_ != 0;
    $( + 0;
}

sub getgroups {
    usage "getgroups()" if @_ != 0;
    local(%seen) = ();
    grep(!$seen{$_}++, split(' ', $) ));
}

sub getlogin {
    usage "getlogin()" if @_ != 0;
    getlogin();
}

sub getpgrp {
    usage "getpgrp()" if @_ != 0;
    getpgrp($_[0]);
}

sub getpid {
    usage "getpid()" if @_ != 0;
    $$;
}

sub getppid {
    usage "getppid()" if @_ != 0;
    getppid;
}

sub getuid {
    usage "getuid()" if @_ != 0;
    $<;
}

sub isatty {
    usage "isatty(filehandle)" if @_ != 1;
    -t $_[0];
}

sub link {
    usage "link(oldfilename, newfilename)" if @_ != 2;
    link($_[0], $_[1]);
}

sub rmdir {
    usage "rmdir(directoryname)" if @_ != 1;
    rmdir($_[0]);
}

sub setgid {
    usage "setgid(gid)" if @_ != 1;
    $( = $_[0];
}

sub setuid {
    usage "setuid(uid)" if @_ != 1;
    $< = $_[0];
}

sub sleep {
    usage "sleep(seconds)" if @_ != 1;
    sleep($_[0]);
}

sub unlink {
    usage "unlink(filename)" if @_ != 1;
    unlink($_[0]);
}

sub utime {
    usage "utime(filename, atime, mtime)" if @_ != 3;
    utime($_[1], $_[2], $_[0]);
}